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Apollonius and the Hyperbolic Circle

andrew simoson <ajsimoso@king.edu>, King University

Abstract:

Given distinct planar points $A$ and $B$ and a real number $k$, called the index, Apollonius long ago showed that the locus of all points $P$ for which $k$ is the ratio of the distances from $P$ to $A$ and from $P$ to $B$ is a circle. The puzzle we present is this one: Given a circle $\mathcal Q$ in the hyperbolic disk whose diameter $CD$ lies along the real axis, how may we recover $\mathcal Q$ as a circle of Apollonius? That is, what are $A$, $B$, and $k$? The beauty of this puzzle is that $B$ is the hyperbolic center of $\mathcal Q$.

Notes:

This talk topic lies under the category of MSC 51M09: elementary problems in hyperbolic geometry. The talk is for a general audience, including undergraduate mathematics majors.

Scheduled for: 2026-03-27 03:00 PM: Recreational Math Session #1.4

Status: Accepted

Collection: Recreational Math: Puzzles, Games, and Other Forms of Play

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