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Undergraduate Poster Session

Undergraduate Poster #25

Subevent of Undergraduate Poster Session

Times: 2026 Mar 28 from 10:45AM to 12:00PM (Central Time (US & Canada))

Tracking the Trajectory: Time-Series Analysis of Inflation From 2020 to 2025

Jaela Adams <jadams56@wildcat.fvsu.edu>, Fort Valley State University

Abstract:

In this study, we investigated how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced inflation trends in the United States from the year 2020 through 2025. This topic is especially important because inflation directly affects the everyday lives of citizens and plays a crucial role in shaping the economy’s overall health. High inflation can reduce purchasing power, increase the cost of goods and services, and place additional strain on households and businesses. During the pandemic, the economy faced unprecedented disruptions, including breakdowns in global supply chains, changes in consumer demand, and fluctuating energy prices. These factors significantly influenced inflation rates, making it essential to track and understand the trends that followed. To explore this, we collected monthly data on the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Producer Price Index (PPI) from credible sources such as the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Using Microsoft Excel, we organized the data, created charts, and applied linear regression analysis to observe how CPI and PPI shifted over time. Our results showed a sharp increase in inflation from 2020 to 2022, largely driven by supply chain disruptions, changing consumer behavior, and external shocks to food and energy markets. This supported our first hypothesis that inflation in the early pandemic years was heavily influenced by logistical and production challenges. However, contrary to our second hypothesis, inflation did not significantly decline between 2022 and 2025, despite government interventions and partial stabilization in energy markets. This finding suggests that recovery from global crises like COVID-19 is neither immediate nor linear. Economic variables are interconnected, and a single policy or market correction may not be enough to reverse inflationary trends. These results also emphasize that inflation impacts individuals differently based on factors such as income, geographic location, and spending behavior. Therefore, it is critical to continue monitoring inflation indicators like CPI and PPI in real time. This allows policymakers, economists, and the public to respond proactively and avoid long-term economic instability caused by unchecked inflation.

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